OPINION

Zarathustra, The Nude Sculpture: How Should Parsis React?

March 29, 2006
arZan

I received a forwarded email this morning from Adil Nariman, from Sydney Australia. It brought to my attention the events that will lead to the unveiling of Australia's most imposing bronze nude statue. While this would otherwise be very good news, it rankled me when I read about the subject of the sculpture. The sculpture is titled "Zarathustra", after the prophet who started the religion of Zoroastrianism and of which I am a follower.

As the website announces,

A magnificent 4 metre high bronze figure of Zarathustra will be unveiled by Dame Elisabeth Murdoch on 1st April at McClelland Gallery and Sculpture Park. The eminient Melbourne sculptor Peter Schipperheyn was selected to undertake the mammoth commission. The sculpure will sit in pride of place on an island in front of the McClelland gallery. [....link to McClelland Gallery ]


Looking at the sculpture, one cannot understand why the sculptor Peter Schipperheyn would call it thus. Making religious subjects and leaders part of art has had a bloody past. Just last January, hundreds of thousands of muslims the world over went on a rampage after a small Danish newspaper published a series of cartoons depicting Prophet Mohammad in "bad light". That to the muslims of the world was sacrilegious. A couple of years ago, Mother Mary was depicted in "derogatory fashion" in an art installation at the Brooklyn Museum of Art. That led to a major fiasco, with the mayor of New York City having to take a stand and alienating a vast majority of the population.

The famous painter M F Hussain painted the Hindu goddess Saraswati in a painting and the right wing Hindu fundamentalists went berserk and did a lot of damage to property, and (I think) life.

All this brings me back to the contentious issue of portraying gods, goddesses and religious icons in a context that one is not usually accustomed to.

Adil mentions in his letter to the powers that be...

However, the main reason I am writing is to express deep disappointment, sadness and astonishment that you would name this sculpture Zarathushtra, the name of a great Prophet.. The statue is neither a likeness (nor should it be) of the Great, all knowing Prophet but to depict Him nude is both disgusting to our sentiments and offensive. I'm sure you are aware that there are a number of followers and devotees of the ancient religion of Zoroastrianism who live here in Australia and all over the world. This religion is the oldest monotheist religion that was founded by the Lord Zoroaster around 1200 C. I am a follower of this faith and am blessed to have been born into it.

Does this mean that the Zoroastrians and Parsis the world over will go on a rampage? Will the Parsis in Bombay go and burn the Australian Consulate in Bombay and attack the Embassy in New Delhi? Will the 5,000 strong Parsi community in Toronto march onto Younge Street and make their protests be heard?

Should the police in India be put on high alert and all the Parsi leaders be arrested, lest they incite arson and terror?

No. This will never happen and I will elaborate why.

Personally, I don't conform to the views above. As Zoroastrians and Parsis, we are a very tolerant religion and culture. How may times in history have you heard of Parsis taking arms against anyone When our religion was under seige 1400+ years ago, we chose to set sail and live in another land and not take arms against the marauding Muslim armies.

Right through British occupation, the Parsis tended towards non-violence and other means to create the betterment of their own countrymen. The Tatas and their story comes to mind. Of course this can be a point of argument, and I will leave this for another day.

Personally, I don't subscribe to Adil's view. I don't see anything wrong in what the piece of sculpture is named. It does not matter to me. Looking at it is not going to alter my vision and view of my prophet and the supreme being I worship.

This is a piece of art and it has to be seen in that context. Trying to waste our energies in fighting battles that don't exist is foolish.

And if you were also wondering why the Parsis won't go on a rampage in Bombay, you gotta keep in mind that there are only 55,000 of us left in Bombay. Not even enough to fill half of Oval Maidan or a quarter of Azad Maidan.

Parsis are generally very forward thinking in their outlook to society, culture and the arts. For centuries we have been pioneers in breaking social taboos. The first women to study in India were Parsi women. That's a fine case in point.

Then why in this day and age should we become conservative in our outlook? This isn't done.

As much as I know that this sculpture ain't Zarathustra, I am happy that the amount of publicity it will generate will be good for our religion. The world will know a bit more about the oldest monotheistic religion in the world, and about the tolerant forward thinking nature of its followers.

There seems to be some confusion in the way the sculpture is named. The news article calls it Zarathustra, whereas the sculptors website calls it "Thus Spake Zarathustra"

"To the Zoroastrian Community I would like to state that this sculpture is not a dipiction of the Prophet Zarathustra. My inspiration came from reading "THUS SPAKE ZARATHUSTRA" by Friedrich Nietzsche" [.....link.....]

Currently based in New York and Bombay. arZan practices as an architect and urban designer, and dabble in web design and system and network admin as a freelancer.
Other passions include Scouting, reading, current affairs, politics, Parsi and Zoroastrian matters and riding his Yamaha V-Max everyday. There is nothing he dosen't have an opinion on !! And therefore he blogs.
Besides being a regular contributor on Metblogs Mumbai and Metblogs NYC, he also runs a personal blog News Views and Analysis , Parsi Khabar, a blog about Parsis: The Zoroastrians of India. and Clinton Hill a blog about one of the most happening neighborhoods in Brooklyn, New York.
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Zarathustra, The Nude Sculpture: How Should Parsis React?

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Author: arZan

 

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#1
Aaman
URL
March 29, 2006
12:29 AM

That's a small weenie for a big guy like that

#2
Aaman
URL
March 29, 2006
12:40 AM

Incidentally, if the sculpture is inspired by Nietsche, why call for a Parsi Jihad? Nietsche had a vision of uber-mensch or Supermen, and evidently the sculptor is trying to portray that vision - that has nothing to do with Zarathustra.

In other news, one recalls last year's icecream jihad:

THE fast-food chain, Burger King, is withdrawing its ice-cream cones after the lid of the dessert offended a Muslim.

The man claimed the design resembled the Arabic inscription for Allah, and branded it sacrilegious, threatening a "jihad".
...
He was not satisfied by the decision to withdraw the cones and has called on Muslims to boycott Burger King. He said: "This is my jihad. How can you say it is a spinning swirl? If you spin it one way to the right you are offending Muslims."

#3
Ruvy in Jerusalem
March 29, 2006
07:07 AM

ArZan, I went to your blog-site and found out that upon being faced with protests from the Parsi community in Australia, the artist removed the name Zarathustra from the sculpture and all references to the name Zarathustra in connection with it. This was very pleasing to read. The man showed a sence of decency not often found in ego-driven artists.

Now, I have a question for you, if you'd be kind enough to educate me. You write that your faith is the world's oldest monotheistic religion. Could you provide dates for Zoroaster's writings or, in the alternative, dates for when the practices and beleifs he fostered in Persia went into effect?

If you choose to use the calendar that you use for your own faith in our explanation, that would be educational, and highly interesting to me as well, if you could provide some way to correlate it to the Hebrew luni-solar calendar or to the Gregorian solar calendar that originated in Egypt.

I never forget that the Persians in ancient times were friends to our people, and that it was Koresh, a Persian emperor known to westerners as Cyrus, who was referred to as "anointed" (messiah) in the Hebrew Bible. Also, unknown to many, fellow Jews included, the last independednt Judean state (prior to the present one) existed under the protection of the Parthians, who warred with the Romans over control of the Middle East. The ruler of that state was called Heftzíba.

#4
arZan
URL
March 29, 2006
11:13 AM

Aaman and Ruvy

Thanks for your comments.

Ruvy, the wikipedia article on Zarathustra has a lot of interesting information that would answer your questions.

Here it is

#5
Peter Schipperheyn
URL
April 4, 2006
07:41 PM

I agreed to the McClelland Galleries request to erase the name "Zarathustra" from my sculpture mainly because I was concerned that the furore that erupted might reflect badly upon the very gracious Lady who commissioned the work. As well the degree of anger directed at me and the McClelland Gallery was such that it became a security issue. The McClelland Gallery was adamant that I should change the name. This has compromised the meaning of my sculpture. However since this has occurred I am receiving increasing numbers of emails from Zoroastrians asking me to reinstate the original name. In my eyes "he" is still Zarathustra. I would appreciate feedback on this matter.

#6
Aaman
URL
April 4, 2006
07:58 PM

Art is born to be free, and if you were inspired by Nietsche's 'Superman', the name makes sense.

We would appreciate your insights into this and other matters of art. If you would like to write for us or our parent site, Blogcritics.org, please email me - see here for details

#7
Peter Schipperheyn
URL
April 12, 2006
08:44 PM

Regarding my sculpture that I called "Zarathustra" he came from my DNA from the depths of experience that is coded into the very design that determines our humanness. I do not believe a concept, an idea or for that matter revelations can be owned exclusively by one group of people at the exclusion of others. I think unconsciously that I had an inkling that I was entering unknown territory, but to be an Artist is to be a risk taker....

An idea is tested by exposure to the world, like seeds scattered on the land, some will be trampled upon, others will be watered and flourish, others will have to wait to germinate.

Our times would benefit by asking itself, how come Nietzsche titled his book "Thus Spake Zarathustra"? Nietzsche had an instinct for the evolution of ethical and religious thought and the ramifications of it through time. He was a great thinker saluting another.

It took me a year and a half to model the clay sculpture, time to think about many things. But it was a slow process, much of my thoughts and study was about trying to make a good representation of the human figure on a scale I had never attempted before!

Nonetheless as this large figure grew I saw him more and more as embodying the "Prophetic Voice" Sometimes I imagined him as the young "Zarathustra" from an ancient land, standing before time and before all of creation, powerful yet vulnerable, in this beautiful mystery that we experience as life.

I wonder why I did not consult with Zoroastrians beforehand, perhaps because I didn't know any [well at least that's changed] well from my communication with many "Z" people it is very obvious that there is a great debate burning within the Zoroastrian Community itself, and there is a tremendous divergence of opinion regarding the interpretation of the teachings of Zarathustra, this is very much a matter for the Zoroastrian Community but it is also for the whole world! I came to this as an Artist from the western world [and precarious as it is at the moment] the idea of freedom of expression has proved itself as essential to the advancement of the human animal. My sculpture was made with a certain identity it cannot be erased. His identity has been obscured by narrow thinking for the time being. I will even be so bold as to say "He" will be resurrected.

I say this because as well as receiving hundreds of emails from people who were enraged by my sculpture I also received hundreds of emails from Zoroastrians who were really intrigued, interested and supportive that someone from Australia would even think to make a sculpture with a Zarathustrian connection. Western culture celebrates the Ancient Greeks and their achievements, but who was living right next door across the Bosporus? I started with Nietzsche, and his meditation on the spiritual odyssey of the west whose beginnings can be traced back through time to Zarathustra. Calling my sculpture "Zarathustra" telescopes you to the historical origins of what defines our humanness. My sculptures feet and legs are rooted in the earth, [however the right foot is slightly raised] yet the head is upturned indicating a yearning to join with a metaphysical dimension - the profound desire to comprehend existence. My figure could only be nude, the body is the "spirit" clothed by flesh, creation conscious of itself, the moment between being and becoming. Call me crazy but in my mind he is the greater potential, the "Zarathustra" in all of us!

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